A Dirty Job Chapter 13

13 CRY HAVOC, AND LET SLIP THE GOGS OF WAR! Watching Madeline Alby die had shaken Charlie. It wasn't her death so much, it was the life he'd seen in her minutes before she passed. He thought: If you have to stare Death in the eye to be able to take the life out of your moments, then who better to do it than the man who shaves Death's face? â€Å"Cheese wasn't in the book,† Charlie said to Sophie as he walked her out of the shop in her new runner's stroller – which looked like someone had crossbred a carbon-fiber bicycle and a baby carriage and ended up with a vehicle you could use to take a day trip to Thunderdome – but it was strong, easy to push, and kept Sophie safely wrapped in an aluminum frame. Because of the cheese, he didn't make her wear her helmet. He wanted her to be able to look around, see the world around her, and be in it. It was watching Madeline Alby eat cheese with every ounce of her being, like it was the first and best time, that made him realize that he had never really tasted cheese, or crackers, or life. And he didn't want his daughter to live that way. He'd moved her into her own room the night before, the bedroom that Rachel had decorated for her with clouds painted on the ceiling and a happy balloon carrying a happy bunch of animal friends across the sky in its basket. He hadn't slept well, and had gotten up five times during the night to check on her, only to find her sleeping peacefully, but he could lose a little sleep if Sophie could go through life without his fears and limitations. He wanted her to experience all the glorious cheese of life. They strolled through North Beach. He stopped and bought a coffee for himself and some apple juice for Sophie. They shared a giant peanut-butter cookie, and a crowd of pigeons followed them down the sidewalk feasting on the river of crumbs that flowed from Sophie's stroller. The World Cup soccer championships was playing on televisions in bars and cafs, and people spilled out onto the sidewalks and out into the street, watching the game, cheering, jeering, hugging, swearing, and generally acting out waves of elation and dejection in the company of new companions who were visiting this Italian-American neighborhood from all around the world. Sophie cheered with the soccer fans and shrieked with joy because they were happy. When the crowd was disappointed – a kick blocked, a play foiled – Sophie was distressed, and would look to her daddy to fix it and make everyone happy again. And Daddy did, because a few seconds later, they were all cheering again. A tall German man ta ught Sophie to sing â€Å"Goooooooooooooooooooooal!† the way the announcer did, practicing with her until she got the full five-second sustain, and she was still practicing three blocks away, when Charlie had to shrug at confused onlookers as if to say, The kid's a soccer fan, what can you do? As naptime approached, Charlie looped through the neighborhood and headed up through Washington Square Park, where people were reading and lounging in the shade, a guy played guitar and sang Dylan songs for change, two white Rasta boys kicked a Hacky Sack around, and people were generally settling in for a pleasant and windless summer day. Charlie spied a black kitten sneaking out of a hedge near busy Columbus Avenue, stalking a wild McMuffin wrapper, it appeared, and he pointed it out to Sophie. â€Å"Look, Sophie, kitty.† Charlie felt bad about the demise of Bear, the cockroach. Maybe this afternoon he'd go to the pet shop and get a new friend for Sophie. Sophie screamed with glee and pointed to the little cat. â€Å"Can you say ‘kitty'?† Charlie said. Sophie pointed, and gave a drooly grin. â€Å"Would you like a kitty? Can you say ‘kitty,' Sophie?† Sophie pointed to the cat. â€Å"Kitty,† she said. The little cat dropped on the spot, dead. Fresh Music,† Minty Fresh answered the phone, his voice a bass sax sketch of cool jazz. â€Å"What the fuck is this? You didn't say anything about this? The book didn't say anything about this? What the fuck is going on?† â€Å"You'll be wanting the library or a church,† Minty said. â€Å"This is a record store, we don't answer general questions.† â€Å"This is Charlie Asher. What the fuck did you do? What have you done to my little girl?† Minty frowned and ran his hand over his scalp. He'd forgotten to shave this morning. He should have known something was going to go wrong. â€Å"Charlie, you can't call me. I told you that. I'm sorry if something has happened to your little girl, but I promise you that I – â€Å" â€Å"She pointed at a kitten and said ‘kitty' and it fell over, stone dead.† â€Å"Well, that is an unfortunate coincidence, Charlie, but kittens do have a pretty high mortality rate.† â€Å"Yeah, well, then she pointed to an old guy feeding the pigeons and said ‘kitty' and he dropped over dead, too.† Minty Fresh was glad that there was no one in the store right then to see the look on his face, because he was sure that the full impact of the willies dancing up and down his spine was blowing his appearance of unflappable chill. â€Å"That child has a speech disorder, Charlie. You should have her looked at.† â€Å"A speech disorder! A speech disorder! A cute lisp is a speech disorder. My daughter kills people with the word kitty. I had to keep my hand over her mouth all the way home. There's probably video somewhere. People thought I was one of those people who beats their kid in department stores.† â€Å"Don't be ridiculous, Charlie, people love the parents who beat their kids in department stores. It's the ones who just let their kids wreak havoc that everybody hates.† â€Å"Can we stay on point, Fresh, please? What do you know about this? What have you figured out in all your years as a Death Merchant?† Minty Fresh sat down on the stool behind the counter and stared into the eyes of the cardboard cutout of Cher, hoping to find answers there. But the bitch was holding out. â€Å"Charlie, I got nothin'. The kid was in the room when you saw me, and you saw what it did to you. Who knows what it did to her. I told you I thought you were in a different league than the rest of us, well, maybe the kid is something else, too. I've never heard of a Death Merchant who could just ‘kitty' someone to death, or cause anyone to die outside of normal, mortal means. Have you tried having her use other words? Like puppy?† â€Å"Yeah, I was going to do that, but I thought it might fuck up property values if everyone in my neighborhood suddenly fell over dead! No, I didn't try any other words. I don't even want to make her eat her green beans for fear she'll kitty me.† â€Å"I'm sure you have some kind of immunity.† â€Å"The Great Big Book says that we're not immune to death ourselves. I'd say the next time a kitten comes on the Discovery Channel my sister could be picking out caskets.† â€Å"I'm sorry, Charlie, I don't know what to tell you. I'll check out my library at home, but it sounds like the kid is a lot closer than we are to how all the legends portray Death. Things tend to balance, however, maybe there's some positive side to this, uh, disorder she has. In the meantime, maybe you should head over to Berkeley, see if you can find anything at the library there. It's a repository library – every book that's printed goes there.† â€Å"Haven't you tried that?† â€Å"Yes, but I wasn't looking for something specific like this. Look, just be careful going over. Don't take the BART tunnel.† â€Å"You think the sewer harpies are in the BART tunnels?† Charlie asked. â€Å"Sewer harpies? What's that?† â€Å"It's what I call them,† Charlie said. â€Å"Oh. I don't know. It's underground, and I've been on a train when the power goes out. I don't think you want to risk it. It feels like their territory. Speaking of that, from my end they've been conspicuously silent for the last six months or so. Not a peep.† â€Å"Yeah, the same here,† Charlie said. â€Å"But I suppose this phone call might change that.† â€Å"Yeah, it probably will. But with your daughter's condition, we might be in a whole new game, too. You watch your ass, Charlie Asher.† â€Å"You, too, Minty.† â€Å"Mr. Fresh.† â€Å"I meant Mr. Fresh.† â€Å"Good-bye, Charlie.† In his cabin on the great ship, Orcus picked his teeth with the splintered femur of an infant. Babd combed his black mane with her claws as the bullheaded death pondered what the Morrigan had seen from the drain on Columbus Avenue: Charlie and Sophie in the park. â€Å"It is time,† said Nemain. â€Å"Haven't we waited long enough?† She clacked her claws like castanets, flinging drops of venom on the walls and floor. â€Å"Would you be careful,† Macha said. â€Å"That shit stains. I just put new carpet in here.† Nemain stuck out a black tongue. â€Å"Washerwoman,† she said. â€Å"Whore,† Macha replied. â€Å"I don't like this,† Orcus said. â€Å"This child disturbs me.† â€Å"Nemain is right. Look how strong we've become,† Babd said, stroking the webbing that was growing back between the spikes on Orcus's shoulders – it looked as if he had fans mounted there, like some ornate samurai armor. â€Å"Let us go. The child's sacrifice might give you your full wings back.† â€Å"You think you can?† â€Å"We can, once it's dark,† said Macha. â€Å"We're stronger than we've been in a thousand years.† â€Å"Just one of you go, and go in stealth,† said Orcus. â€Å"Hers is a very old talent, even in this new body. If she masters it, our chance may have passed for another thousand years. Kill the child and bring its corpse to me. Don't let her see you until you strike.† â€Å"And her father? Kill him?† â€Å"You're not that strong. But if he wakes to find his child gone, then maybe his grief will destroy him.† â€Å"You don't have any idea what you're doing, do you?† said Nemain. â€Å"You stay here tonight,† said Orcus. â€Å"Dammit,† said Nemain, slinging steaming venom across the wall. â€Å"Oh, pardon me for questioning the exalted one. Hey, head of the bull, I wonder what comes out of the other end?† â€Å"Ha,† said Babd. â€Å"Ha. Good one.† â€Å"And what kind of brain do you find under the feathers?† said Orcus. â€Å"Oh! He got you, Nemain. Think about how bad he got you when I'm killing the child tonight.† â€Å"I was talking to you,† Orcus said. â€Å"Macha goes.† She came in through the roof, tearing up the bubble skylight over the fourth floor and dropping into the hallway. She moved as silent as a shadow down the hall to the stairs, then appeared to float down, her feet barely touching the steps. On the second floor she paused at the door and examined the locks. There were two strong dead bolts in addition to the one in the main plate. She looked up and saw a stained-glass transom, latched with a tiny brass latch. A claw slipped quickly through the gap, and with a twist of the wrist the brass lock popped off and clattered on the hardwood floor inside. She slithered up and through the transom and flattened herself against the floor inside, waiting like a pool of shadow. She could smell the child, hear the gentle snoring coming from across the apartment. She moved to the middle of the great room, and paused. New Meat was there, too, she could sense him, sleeping in the room across from the child. If he interfered she'd tear his head from his body and take it back to the ship as proof to Orcus that he should never underestimate her. She was tempted to take him anyway, but not until she had the child. A night-light in the child's room sent a soft pink band of light across the living room. Macha waved a taloned hand and the light went out. She trilled a small purr of self-satisfaction. There had been a time when she could extinguish a human life in the same way, and maybe that time was coming again. She slid into the child's room and paused. By the moonlight streaming through the window she could see that the child lay curled on her side in her crib, hugging a plush rabbit. But she couldn't see into the corners of the room – the shadows so dark and liquid that even her night-creature eyes couldn't penetrate them. She moved to the crib and leaned over it. The child was sleeping with her mouth wide open. Macha decided to drive a single claw through the roof of her mouth into her brain. It would be silent, leave plenty of blood for the father to find, and she could carry the child's corpse that way, hooked on her claw like a fish for the market. She reached down slowly and leaned into the crib so she'd have maximum leverage for the plunge. The moonlight sparkled off the three-inch talon and she drew back, and she was distracted for an instant by its pretty shininess when the jaws locked down on her arm. â€Å"Motherfu – † she screeched as she was whipped around and slammed against the wall. Another set of jaws clamped onto her ankle. She twisted herself into a half-dozen forms, which did nothing to free her, and she was tossed around like a rag doll into the dresser, the crib, the wall again. She raked at her attacker with her claws, found purchase, then felt as if her claws were being ripped out by the root, so she let go. She could see nothing, just felt wild, disorienting movement, then impact. She kicked hard at whatever had her ankle and it released her, but the attacker on her arm whipped her through the window and against the security bars outside. She heard glass hitting the street below, pushed with all her might, shape-shifting at a furious rate until she was through the bars and falling to the pavement. Ouch. Fuck!† came the shout from out on the street, a female voice. â€Å"Ouch.† Charlie flipped on the light to see Sophie sitting up in her crib holding her bunny and laughing. The window behind her had been shattered, and the glass was gone. Every piece of furniture except the crib had been overturned and there were basketball-sized holes in the plaster of two walls, the wooden lath behind it splintered as well. All over the floor there were black feathers, and what looked like blood, but even as Charlie watched, the feathers started to evaporate into smoke. â€Å"Goggy, Daddy,† Sophie said. â€Å"Goggy.† Then she giggled. Sophie slept the rest of the night in Daddy's bed while Daddy sat up in a chair next to her, watching the locked door, his sword-cane at his side. There was no window in Charlie's bedroom, so the door was the only way in or out. When Sophie awoke just after dawn, Charlie changed her, bathed her, and dressed her for the day. Then he called Jane to make her breakfast while he cleaned up the glass and plaster in Sophie's room and went downstairs to find some plywood to nail over the broken window. He hated that he couldn't call the police, couldn't call someone, but if this is what one phone call to another Death Merchant was going to cause, he couldn't risk it. And what would the police say anyway, about black feathers and blood that dissolved to smoke as you watched? â€Å"Someone threw a brick through Sophie's window last night,† he told Jane. â€Å"Wow, on the second floor, too. I thought you were crazy when you put security bars all the way up the building, but I guess not so much, now. You should replace the window with that glass with the wire running through it, just to be safe.† â€Å"I will,† Charlie said. Safe? He had no idea what had happened in Sophie's room, but the fact that she was safe amid all the destruction scared the hell out of him. He'd replace the window, but the kid was sleeping in his room from now until she was thirty and married to a huge guy with ninja skills. When Charlie returned from the basement with the sheet of plywood and hammer and nails, he found Jane sitting at the breakfast counter, smoking a cigarette. â€Å"Jane, I thought you quit.† â€Å"Yeah, I did. A month ago. Found this one in my purse.† â€Å"Why are you smoking in my house?† â€Å"I went into Sophie's room to get her bunny for her.† â€Å"Yeah? Where's Sophie? There might still be some glass on the floor in there, you didn't – â€Å" â€Å"Yeah, she's in there. And you're not funny, Asher. Your thing with the pets has gone completely overboard. I'm going to have to do three yoga classes, get a massage, and smoke a joint the size of a thermos bottle to take the adrenaline edge off. They scared me so bad I peed myself a little.† â€Å"What in the hell are you talking about, Jane?† â€Å"Funny,† she said, smirking. â€Å"That's really funny. I'm talking about the goggies, Daddy.† Charlie shrugged at his sister as if to say, Could you be any more incoherent or incomprehensible? – a gesture he had perfected over thirty-two years, then ran to Sophie's room and threw the door open. There, on either side of his darling daughter, were the two biggest, blackest dogs he had ever seen. Sophie was sitting, leaning against one, while hitting the other in the head with her stuffed bunny. Charlie took a step toward rescuing Sophie when one of the dogs leapt across the room and knocked Charlie to the floor, pinning him there. The other put itself between Charlie and the baby. â€Å"Sophie, Daddy's coming to get you, don't be afraid.† Charlie tried to squirm out from under the dog, but it just lowered its head and growled at him. It didn't budge. Charlie figured that it could take the better part of one of his legs and some of his torso off in one bite. The thing's head was bigger than the Bengal tigers' at the San Francisco zoo. â€Å"Jane, help me. Get this thing off of me.† The big dog looked up, keeping its paws on Charlie's shoulders. Jane swiveled on her bar stool and took a deep drag on her cigarette. â€Å"No, I don't think so, little brother. You're on your own after springing this on me.† â€Å"I didn't. I've never seen these things before. No one's ever seen these things before.† â€Å"You know, we dykes have very high dog tolerance, but that doesn't give you the right to do this. Well, I'll leave you to it,† Jane said, gathering up her purse and keys from the breakfast bar. â€Å"You enjoy your little canine pals. I'm going to go call in freaked out to work.† â€Å"Jane, wait.† But she was gone. He heard the front door slam. The big dog didn't seem to be interested in eating Charlie, just holding him there. Every time he tried to slither out from under it, the thing growled and pushed harder. â€Å"Down. Heel. Off.† Charlie tried commands he'd heard dog trainers shout on TV. â€Å"Fetch. Roll over. Get the fuck off me, you beast.† (He ad-libbed that last one.) The animal barked in Charlie's left ear, so loud that he lost hearing and there was just a ringing on that side. In his other ear he heard a little-girl giggle from across the room. â€Å"Sophie, honey, it's okay.† â€Å"Goggie, Daddy,† Sophie said. â€Å"Goggie.† She stumbled over and looked down at Charlie. The big dog licked her face, nearly knocking her over. (At eighteen months, Sophie moved like a small drunk most of the time.) â€Å"Goggie,† Sophie said again. She grabbed the giant hound by its ear and dragged it off Charlie. Or more accurately, it let her lead it by the ear off of him. Charlie leapt to his feet and started to reach for Sophie, but the other hound jumped in front of him and growled. The thing's head came up to Charlie's chest, even with its feet flat on the ground. He figured the hounds must weigh four or five hundred pounds apiece. They were easily twice the size of the biggest dog he'd seen before, a Newfoundland that he'd seen swimming in the Aquatic Park down by the Maritime museum. They had the short fur of a Doberman, the broad shoulders and chest of a rottweiler, but the wide square head and upturned ears of a Great Dane. They were so black that they appeared to actually absorb light, and Charlie had only ever seen one type of creature that did that: the ravens from the Underworld. It was clear that wherever these hounds had come from, it wasn't from around here. But it was also clear that they were not here to hurt Sophie. She wouldn't even make a good meal for animals this size, and they certainly could have snapped her in two long before now if they'd meant her harm. The damage in Sophie's room the night before might have been caused by the hounds, but they had not been the aggressors. Something had come here to hurt her, and they had protected her, even as they were now. Charlie didn't care why, he was just grateful that they were on his side. Where they'd been when he first rushed into the room after the window broke, he didn't know, but it appeared that now that they were here, they were not going to go away. â€Å"Okay, I'm not going to hurt her,† Charlie said. The dog relaxed and backed off a few steps. â€Å"She's going to need to go potty,† Charlie said, feeling a little stupid. He just noticed that they were both wearing wide silver collars, which, strangely, disturbed him more than their size. After the stretching it had gotten over the last year and a half, his Beta Male imagination fit easily around two giant hounds showing up in his little girl's bedroom, but the idea that someone had put collars on them was throwing him. There was a knock at the front door and Charlie backed out of the room. â€Å"Honey, Daddy will be right back.†

Charlottetown Conference

The Charlottetown Conference By the early 1860s, the British colonies of North America were considering the benefits of a union. The American Civil War had created a new military power and a renewed threat to the small, divided colonies to the north. And British public opinion had been in favour of reducing, if not eliminating government spending in North America, especially for defence. In September 1864, British North American politicians met in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island to discuss the possibility of a union. (Courtesy of the National Archives of Canada)In September 1864, the Atlantic provinces – Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick and Newfoundland – organized a conference to discuss a union among themselves. Governor General Monck asked that the province of Canada be invited to their talks, â€Å"to ascertain whether the proposed Union might not be made to embrace the whole of British North American Provinces. † Canada's most prominent p oliticians journeyed down the St. Lawrence River on a 191-ton steamer, with $13,000 of champagne in its hold, to attend the conference in Prince Edward Island. Those on board included John A.Macdonald, and George Brown from Upper Canada and George-Etienne Cartier, Thomas D'Arcy McGee and Alexander Galt from Lower Canada. Each journeyed to Charlottetown with a different motive in mind. Cartier felt that if he could persuade the Maritimes to join in a union, together their population would balance that of Upper Canada. In contrast, Brown wanted an end to what he considered French domination of English affairs – the end of a political stalemate. Macdonald was worried about American aggression and felt that the united British colonies, perhaps, could resist their powerful neighbour.In the 1860s, John A. Macdonald was instrumental in creating the Dominion of Canada and became its first prime minister. (Courtesy of the National Archives of Canada) The group of eight cabinet ministe rs and three secretaries arrived in Charlottetown on the same day as Slaymaker's and Nichol's Olympic Circus, the first circus to visit the island in 20 years. The harbour was deserted with most of the town at the circus. The delegates to the conference soon formed a different, political circus with a marathon of speeches, protests, lobster lunches, resolutions, picnics, alliances, flirtations and champagne balls.On the first official day of the conference, Macdonald spoke at length about the benefits of a union of all of British North America. The next day, Galt – a businessman, finance minister, and railway promoter – presented a well-researched description of the financial workings of such a union. On the third day, George Brown discussed the legal structure. And on the fourth day, McGee praised the nationalist identity, one that he saw bolstered by a vivid Canadian literature. Prominent politician George-Etienne Cartier was the leading spokesman for French Canada d uring Confederation negotiations. Courtesy of the National Archives of Canada) The original intent of the conference to discuss a Maritime union was overwhelmed by talk of a larger union. In a matter of days the Maritimers and Canadians had persuaded each other to create a new federation. The delegates were giddy with success and the celebration party continued in Halifax, Saint John and Fredericton. But the terms of the union remained to be worked out – a daunting political task. The delegates agreed to meet again in Quebec City the following month.

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Environment and development - Essay Example What is perceived of the term ‘Ethical Consumption’, at the very basic level, is the buying, purchasing, consuming or to obtain something for one’s own personal or (at least related) use; keeping in mind the ethical values one has established for one’s own sake. Now different people may have different ethical values but beings with similar ethical values tend to form groups and societies as illustrated by Stuart Hall: â€Å"†¦the word can be used to describe the ‘shared values’ of a group or of a society† (Hall , p.2). These groups tend to act as mass ‘effectors’ and can really bring change in lieu of what they consider ethically right or wrong. However, the correctness of their own ethical views does not matter in this regard since most people form almost the same ethical values concerning certain aspects of our planet, the humanity and the environment. Now people who buy, with reference to their own established Ã¢â‚¬Ë œethical standards’ of shopping or consuming to be more precise may consider a certain product to be ethically wrong or being produced in a manner which is ethically wrong or its very production effects certain aspects which the consumer tends to care about, and hence considers the production ethically wrong; now this consumer, who considers a product to be immoral may boycott its purchase or avoid it at all possible costs, at least that’s the general perceived reaction from a consumer who buys in accordance to his ethical standards. And the same can be expected off a certain group formed due to similar ethical standards concerning a certain product, and it is quite evident that the group and even the individual alone can affect the market value of that certain product in a positive (if the product meets their ethical standards) or negative (if the product does not meet their ethical standards) manner. But it is not always the case that the consumer considers buying wi th respect to his/ her

Does diversity of opinion in the press matter any more, now we have Essay

Does diversity of opinion in the press matter any more, now we have access to participatory and social media - Essay Example As more users are turning towards opting new technologies and social media websites, and are showing reluctant behaviour towards reading newspapers. One possible reason for less circulation of newspaper today can be because of the ease that technology has provided. As with the innovations in the technology and the ease it provided for the masses in terms of using electronic gadgets, mobile phones and connecting online, the productivity of newspapers and print media have undergone decreases. More people are relying on internet and social media websites for the purpose of news, with it they are always connected to the internet and can read timely news, as this new medium (internet) is believe to be the fastest source of providing information or serving the purpose of communication. Furthermore, this medium also enhances the concept of diversification of opinion, as users around the world feel connected with each other and can share their views with the masses in no time. Moreover they can read or listen to the views posted by others, which at times gives them new perception to think about the same issue (Van Djick, 2009). Current Situation: Likewise in a recent past majority of newspapers from the United Kingdom and America were forced to follow the downsizing policy (2008). As a result significant numbers of employees who were working for the different newspapers were terminated, many prophesized the reasons behind these terminations were financial crisis, whereas others convicted internet and social media websites for these firings in the print media industry (Compton and Benedetti, 2010). However, there are many who have different perception in this regard, these individuals optimistically analyze these situations and believe that albeit social media websites and blogs have resulted in confining the role of newspapers and magazines but it has also resulted in providing more information and a variety of difference of opinions for the viewers (Compton and Benede tti, 2010). Meanwhile, it took a while in order to confine the long run and monopoly of newspapers and print media, as the relatively new medium (internet) is garnering more importance on the daily basis and conditions are ameliorating (Compton and Benedetti, 2010). At present print media is facing deteriorating conditions, majority of newspapers around the world are devising strategies in order to cope up with the financial turmoil and are also keen on enhancing or increasing their newspaper circulations. For instance, newspaper industry in the United Kingdom and North America reflect the situation of turmoil as many newspapers are facing bankruptcy, or are in a position where it is hard to manage their current expenses because of high cost involved in the system, there are some who ended their journey in this regard and some are knocking the doors or are in the verge of facing a serious collapse. Some prominent names of the newspaper industry of America, which were enlightening an d were sharing difference of opinions over the passage of time, are the best examples of this catastrophe. American newspaper Denver's Rocky Mountain News are history, on the other hand, The Philadelphia Inquirer, Chicago Tribune and The Los Angeles Times are amongst those newspapers which are facing serious financial catastrophe or in other words are

Transition Plan for preschool Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Transition Plan for preschool - Essay Example Historically and recently there were number of incidents that relate to transitional change and the effect of unpreparedness was harsh. The fall of Great Berlin Wall and its outcome is still in the making and the recent financial crunch and the banks and governments unpreparedness and unexpectedness of this situation has led to more increasing crisis all over the world. (Mario and Marko, 2001) Schools have an important role to play in the lives of children in regard to their education and skills. The present challenges faced by schools are preparing them for the future studies. Children in kindergarten should be assessed on various criterions like physical, emotional, linguistic and cognitive and work according to the requirement laid down in the code of practice. Children should be advised on all the issues of transition by preparing a proper transition plan. Children should be prepared well to take on the forthcoming challenges. Schools have to pen down various measures and steps to ensure that transition in schools do not have harsh impact on students. Transition is planning for one's future after high school while still in high school. Though it is necessary that transition should take place, but schools have their own difficulties and challenges in regard to standard of education and curriculum The schools must lay down procedures to tackle such issues through

William Shakespeares play Essay Example for Free

William Shakespeares play Essay Critics believe that William Shakespeares play The Tempest was written around 1610. It opens with a storm, which results in shipwreck, many of the main characters end up stranded. The first time we hear of Prospero is in Act I Scene ii were he is involved in a conversation with his daughter Miranda, during which she accuses him of causing the storm If by your art you have caused this storm. He admits it but in doing so ends up confessing to Miranda all about her past and how they came to be on the island Tis is time I informed thee farther, he does this to try and justify his actions. He has a slave called Ariel I thank thee, master, who comes and informs him of the results of the storm. All of the crew and passengers survived as Prospero asked Ariel not to harm any of them But are they, Ariel, safe? Not a hair perishd. We then begin to learn about another key character, Caliban, who is another of Prosperos slaves Thou most lying slave. Caliban believes that the island belongs to him and that Prospero, who now thinks he owns the island, stole it from his now deceased mother Sycorax This islands mine, by Sycorax my mother. When this conversation ends Ariel begins to start her next task. Ferdinand, who was onboard the ship, is enticed by Ariel song and begins to make his way in towards Miranda. Ariel is invisible at this point so Ferdinand thinks the beautiful sounds are coming from Miranda. Eventually the meet and, with a little help from the invisible Ariel and hidden Prospero, begin to fall in love. We then move onto Act II with the rest of the stranded passengers. Two of them, Antonio and Sebastian begin to gently bully a wise man named Gonzalo Look hes winding up the watch of his wit, they then move into a private conversation of their own. During which they form a plot to kill most of their fellow passengers including Alonso, King of Naples and Sebastians brother, whilst they are asleep. This would mean that they would have a huge power status, as Sebastian would become King of Naples and Antonio is already Duke of Milan. Their plan is foiled by Ariel awakening Gonzalo. Trincolo, jester, and Stephano, a drunken butler, come across Caliban in the woods. Under the influence of alcohol Caliban agrees to serve the drunken pair with the promise that they will kill Prospero. This will make them owners of the island and Caliban thinks they will treat him better than Prospero. However, an invisible Prospero hears them talking about him and sends some spirits to case them away Go charge my goblins. There is then a scene in which all the royal party are gathered, Prosepero at the head. He explains all that has gone on to everybody. He decides to give up his magic and return as Duke of Milan while Miranda and Ferdinand declare their love for one another. From the basic plot Prospero does not seem like a bad person but there are many fine details missed out in the summary. When Prospero arrived on the island its only inhabitant was Caliban who had grown up there. Calibans way of life was very different to Prosperos as he had not grown up with civilization. Prosperos personality appears to have more bad traits than good. His worst are a strong arrogance as he thinks he is life is not only different to Calibans it is also better, which is not true. He does seem to have a few positive traits the main one of these appears to be honesty as he shows his intentions about owning the island and re-gaining his Dukedom but this is counteracted by the way he is very sneaky and tries to influence the forces of nature. This is shown when he repeatedly makes himself or Ariel invisible and speaks to other characters although he were someone else. Two other characters, Caliban and Ariel, play a huge part in deducting his true colors. They appear to be his good side, Ariel and his bad side, Caliban we know he thinks this to as he refers to Caliban as this thing of darkness I acknowledge mine. There are two phases to explain this, one is that they are his yin and yang and the other is to say that they make up a doppelganger. Prosperos most intimate relationship with another character is with Caliban. As well as assuming power over the island he also assumes power and therefore control over Caliban himself. He is infact prejudice against Caliban and thinks Caliban is not fit to rule the island. In the beginning he taught Caliban how to speak and in return Caliban showed him all the special features on the island. But Prospero betrayed Caliban because now he knew all the secrets of the isle Caliban had nothing over him. To try and get back at Prospero Caliban tried to rape Miranda, which Prospero saw as something, a savage would do. He also had another motive; he wanted Miranda to get pregnant so that there would, in theory, be more of Caliban than of Prospero. However as this did not work the idea could never be put into practice but it is the same kind of thing that Caliban thinks could have happened with Trincolo and Stephano. Prospero tries to colonize Caliban but this is not right as Calibans way of life is as respectable as Prosperos within the island community. Prospero also has an unusual relationship with Ariel another of his slaves. Prospero freed Ariel from a cage in which he had been placed by Sycorax. This put Ariel in debt but Prospero always allows him to be his own person and does not try to control him. Also when Ariel has served Prospero for long enough he is allowed to be free I shall miss thee but yet thee shalt have freedom. One of the things that Ariel did for Prospero is teach him to forgive and forget, it was he who spurred Prospero to let the royals free Your charm so strongly works em that if you now beheld them your affections would become tender Dost thou think so, spirit? His final relationships are with his family, Miranda and Antonio. He is very protective of Miranda as she is the only family he has known for a long time. But his relationship with Antonio is a little more complicated. For you, most wicked sir, whom to call brother would even infect my mouth, I do forgive thy rankest fault-all of them; and require my dukedom of thee, which perforce I know thou must restore. This is Prosperos way of forgiving Antonio. It is not very kindly and he insists on reclaiming his title. This portrays that they have a very stretched relationship and Prospero, given the choice, would not be brother to Antonio.

Everything you Need to Know About Human papillomavirus Essay Example for Free

Everything you Need to Know About Human papillomavirus Essay Chances are you have at least came into contact with the human papilliomavirus and had no clue you did. Most adults have whom are sexually active have been exposed to HPV, with as many as 20 million estimated Americans to be infected with the strains that cause genital warts. The good news, most cases have no symptoms of health problems. Now for the bad news, it causes nearly all cases of cervical cancer . In many ways, you can compare HPV to genital herpes. Both are incurable and rarely have symptoms. However, both are capable of causing medical problems and are both widespread in this country. Luckily, HPV only causes cancer in a small percentage of those infected. Besides cervical cancer, which is usually all that ever gets mentioned when discussing this infection, HPV can also cause cancer of the vulva, penis, head, neck, and anus, but these are extremely rare. These viruses are called papillomavirus because they tend to cause warts, or papillomas. Which are benign tumors. Warts caused from HPV can appear in the hands, feet or on/around the genital area. The strains of HPV that cause warts on the hands and feet are rarely the same as the ones that cause genital warts. There are about two hundred different types of HPV. Only about forty strains are caused from some form of sexual contact and only a handful are associated with cervical cancer. More than ninety-five percent of HPV viruses cause no symptoms and problems. The Gardasil vaccine, a serious of three shots over a period of six months, was approved for women between the ages of thirteen and twenty-six. This vaccine was shown to prevent HPV strains sixteen and eighteen, strains causing seventy percent of cervical cancer. Gardisil does not cure or prevent all strains of HPV. Researchers dont know if patients who show no symptoms are as contagious as the ones who are.

Social Work Domestic Violence Case Study

Social Work Domestic Violence Case Study You are working as a Social Worker in a Gateway Team. A referral is received from the PSNI that they attended an incident of domestic abuse the previous Saturday evening. The referral is being made because there are two children in the household aged 4 years and 18 months. Discuss the main roles and responsibilities of the Social Work profession, including law and policy, service user perspectives, the social work process, and professional ethics and values. Social work involves working with some of the most vulnerable people who have been oppressed or disadvantaged in Society. The role of the Social Worker is to challenge these oppressions to help service users help themselves. It is about promoting change, and is underpinned by laws, theories, policies and procedures. Social Work as a profession has never experienced so many changes in policy and practice (Iwaniec and Hill 20099) Theory is far from benign and practitioners need to ensure that their understanding of theory has not stopped, slowed or become misplaced (Helm 2010) although they cannot represent an absolute truth they can help understand, explain and bring about change. (Howe 1990) For the purpose of this assignment the assumption is that this is a heterosexual married couple where the husband is committing domestic violence against his wife. The Gateway team is the first point of contact when children are involved, when the referral is made, their input; although may be short term has a crucial impact in ensuring the safety of the children. It is their duty to investigate, the Social Worker must see this family within twenty four hours or the reasons why this cannot be achieved must be clearly recorded (Laming, 2003, Recommendation 53) It is the Social Workers duty to make contact with this family as soon as possible. It may be beneficial to look at the four main parts of the helping cycle which are Assessment, Care Planning, Implementation and Review. (Taylor and Devine 1993) Although Gateway doesnt tend to execute care plans, except possibly on a short term basis, this cycle can provide a firm foundation for the Social Work process. On receipt of this referral the Social Work process begins, Social work is never mechanistic or predictable and any encounter is seen as unique, Social Workers need to be properly prepared to ensure effective practice. One of the most important methods of preparation for Social workers is that of Tuning in which should begin when the referral has been received. Shulman (1992) has described this as involving effort from the workers to get in touch with potential feelings and concerns the Service User may bring to the helping encounter. This should help the Social Worker prepare for undertaking the referral with a more objective approach; they may equip themselves with information to be provided as a means of empowering the family such as agencies they can connect with. Social work has been described as a practical moral activity. (Parrott 2010 3) Before attending any referral it is important the Social Worker takes into account their own values, we all have a set of beliefs that influence our actions they relate to what we believe others should do or what we should be doing (Parrott 2010) Values are influenced by things such as culture, family, and life experience. As a Social Work practitioner there is a professional set of values that must be reflected in practice. It is important to be aware of our own values and understand that there will be occasions when our personal and professional values will conflict. The Cornerstone of a high quality assessment is a sound value base, which challenges oppression and respects individuals rights. Middleton (1997) believes the process of assessment is firmly rooted in the context of Social Work values and individual difference is central if the process is not going to disempower the individual. Several potential pitfalls in making judgement are identified by Milner and OByrne (2009) such as, stereotyping, labelling people and attributing certain characteristics to people because how we perceive they are likely to behave, as a Social Worker it is important to be able to recognise these downfalls and try to avoid them, to ensure effective practice. Our values and views of childhood can play a part in the assessment process. (Helm 2010162) Due to the possible risk to the children it may be difficult to feel respect for the father; he is allegedly carrying out domestic violence in the family home, putting both his wife and children at risk from harm. It is important as a Social Worker to be clear that, although the actions may not be respected it is a professional duty to respect the persons as an individual in their own right. Recognising potential value conflicts can contribute to effective practice. Milner and Byrne (2009) argue assessment is a key task in social work practice. It is an ongoing process involving Service User participation, with the purpose of understanding people in relation to their environment. (Coulshed and Orme, 2006) Assessment demands the ability to organise, systemise and rationalise knowledge gathered, the Social Worker needs to be sensitive and demonstrate the ability to value the uniqueness of each individual assessed. (Parker and Bradley 200716). Practitioners require the skill and determination to find methods of communication to demonstrate their competence.'(Thomas and OKane 2000819) One of the most controversial and complex areas of Social Work is the assessment of a child and their family when there are concerns about the welfare of the child. (Holland 2004) So it is important that all knowledge is kept up to date. It is important that the assessment ensures full involvement of the family and any significant others, portraying respect and consideration, working in partnership with the family will be beneficial. The Social Worker needs to be open and honest and give the family a clear understanding of the assessment process and their roles within it. In this particular case the exchange model could be applied, where it is seen that the service user is their own best expert, the interview should be collaborative, the family will know what problems they are facing, they will be able to provide their perspectives on what is happening. Part of the assessment process would be to gather information, through observation, questioning and the interview process. The Social Worker will need to be aware what they are looking to find out and decide who they need to speak with, the parents, the children and any significant other that could provide an insight into the family setting. As Part of the tuning in process it is important that the Social Worker works in partnership with other agencies as this might help to get a clearer understanding of the situation, they must liaise with the police as they were the ones that made the referral and it may also be beneficial to speak to the familys GP and the health visitor, as there is an 18th month old child in the house the health visitor may have made regular visits and could give a good insight into the family and the childrens development. Observation is a critical element of assessment (Holland 2004) Observing the family is a major part of the assessment process, visualising how they interact with each-other and how the children interact with both parents, it is important to look for signs of disruption and possibly fear on the part of the children. Observation can allow the practitioner to see how the childrens daily life looks like with particular reference to emotional abuse and neglect (Helm 2010) as both children are still young the use of observation with reference to the attachment theory could provide vital information as the attachment theory focuses on how the children interact with their parents. The childs development can be affected by lack of attachment with parents. (Hirschy and Wilkinson 2009) What is being said and what is being done may not be easily to depict, the use of observation allows the practitioner to validate what is being said or it may provide contradictory evidence that needs to be addre ssed. (Helm 201057) Another crucial area of the assessment is the interview process. The parents, the children and any significant others, will need to be interviewed in relation to this case, to provide a holistic view of what is happening and the effect it may be having on the children. Interviewing others outside the family may cause controvsersy with the parents as the Human Rights act (1998) states people have the right to a private and family life, (www.legislation.gov.uk) if there is a possibility the children are at risk all avenues need to be assessed. When interviewing the parents it is important that their rights are promoted. Questions need to be appropriately structured to ensure that the family are not oppressed in anyway. Ethics are an important part of Social Work (Banks 2006) According to the Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC www.niscc.info) Social Workers should promote the independence of the Service Users while seeking to ensure that their behaviour does not harm themselves or other people. It is important to consider the mothers view of the situation, although the purpose of the Gateway team is primarily to look after the welfare of the child, they must also be aware of the oppression being faced by the other members in the family and promote their rights. As the mother is suffering from domestic violence, it may be beneficial to provide her with advice and with information on Womens aid who provide support for anyone who suffers from domestic violence; it may help to empower her and give her a sense of self determination. She may not wish to leave for several reasons but she should be aware that it is not only her that is suffering, her children are as well. OLoughlin and OLoughlin (2008) believe that some mothers experiencing domestic violence may emotionally distance themselves from their children, resulting in emotional neglect. Information on certain laws could be provided; one main order would be The Family Homes and Domestic Violence (NI) Order (1998) which includes two orders, the non-molestation order and the occupation order. It is useful to provide the family with this information because if the problem still persists this law gives the authority for the abuser to be removed from the home where children are involved. (White 2007) Providing this information can empower the mother. Womens Aid believes all forms of domestic violence come from the abusers desire for power and control over family members or intimate partners. (www.womensaid.org.uk). When interviewing the father it is crucial the practitioner is non-judgemental and shows respect, he may view himself as the dominant figure in the family, the idea of male patriarchy may play a part here therefore it may prove valuable talking with the father to give advice and provide information on possible anger management classes that he could attend, which may be of benefit to him and his family. When carrying out assessment with Children the Social Worker with utilize UNOCINI, which provides the framework for assessing and providing services to children and their families, by ensuring timely high quality assessments with a focus on achieving good outcomes for children. It is important to explain to the family the purpose of UNOCINI. Using the UNOCINI framework provides the Social Worker with in-depth knowledge of the circumstances at hand and can aid the Social Workers role of advocacy, representing the views of the children. It can help the Social Worker assess areas such as the childrens development, the family relationships, emotional warmth and education and learning. UNOCINI emphasises the importance of multidisciplinary contributions to the holistic assessment of the childs needs (Boginsky 2008) such as work with GP and health visitor and adequate levels of communication between Social Work teams and can provide evidence of the level of help required. The main purpose of the assessment is to identify possible risked posed to the children. The Childrens (NI) Order 1995 is put in place to protect the child. When assessing a case like this it is extremely important to understand the laws that are crucial, as Social Work laws unpin practice. The Paramouncy Principle states that when a childs upbringing is being considered, the childs welfare will be the paramount consideration. (White 2007) The Social Worker is required to work with and on behalf of the service users. When interviewing the children it is important that the Social Worker uses appropriate language that the children understand, explain to them why your there and what the situation is. The Childrens (NI) order (1995) which states children should be kept informed. (www.dsspsni.gov.uk) it is the responsibility of the Social Worker to ensure that both the childs welfare is protected and their voice is heard. (Brandon et al 1998) The needs of the children must be recognised. People First NI (1995) believes that needs led assessments are the cornerstone of community care. Children have rights and needs just like adults, to have their views and feeling heard and to be treated with respect they need to be able to talk to adults they trust. (Brandon et al 1998) By asking children to communicate in ways that suit adults, such as talking, reading and writing, we play to adult competencies and not to those of children . (Helm 2010170) Social Workers need to be accountable for the quality of their work and should consistently be maintaining and improving their skills (NISCC www.niscc.info) In order to ensure effective communication the Social Worker must try to build a rapport with the children; this could be done through trying to engage their attention, to help develop a relationship that will help the Social Worker to learn from the child. There are possible ways this can be done; the use of a basic kit bag may prove beneficial, containing items such as play people, soft animals or soft balls. (Brandon et al 1998) It is vital to try to understand what is happening from the childrens perspectives to help assess the level of risk they face; children need to be listened too. Domestic violence can have a huge impact on children of all ages, age can influence the way in which children make sense of their experiences and how they demonstrate certain anxieties. The children in this family are an infant and a child of preschool age. Oloughlin and Oloughlin (2008) believe in situations of domestic violence an infants needs may not be met, such as personal hygiene, cognitive development may be delayed through inconsistent neglect, and they become insecurely attached which could put the infant at risk. Younger children do not have the ability to express themselves verbally and research has shown that children of preschool age tend to be the group to demonstrate the most behavioural disturbances (Hughes 1988; Cited by Humphreys and Stanley 2006 20) they may become withdrawn and display poor concentration, which may possibly be identified through observation of the children. The Social Worker is required to carry out a risk assessment in relation to the children. As this is an alleged case of domestic violence the children may be at risk. Brearleys model of risk assessment is a good focus point as it can help determine the level of risk. The four stages of Brearleys model are predisposing hazards; situational hazards; dangers and strengths, doing so may help inform the Social Worker of the level of support the family require. Safeguarding the child is essential so it is imperative that a detailed, well informed assessment is completed. It is vital to uncover what the children have seen or heard and if they have ever been abused themselves, due to the age of the younger child this may be difficult to ascertain. However the liaison with the health visitor could provide more information on the childrens wellbeing and also their stages of development. Bronfenbrenners (1979) theory of ecological development would be a beneficial theory to be aware of when observing the children. This theory looks at a childs development within the context of the system of relationships that form his or her environment. He believes that if the relationships in the home break down, the child will not have the tools to explore other parts of their environment. (Crawford and Walker 2010) All children witnessing domestic violence are being emotionally abused (Womens Aid) and may be at risk of harm. Harm is defined in the Children Order as ill-treatment or the impairment of health or development and from the above statements we can see adverse effect that domestic violence within the home can have on children. (Probation Board for Northern Ireland 2006) Throughout the assessment it is vital that the interests of the child are always at the forefront. Frequent exposure to domestic violence can predispose children to social, emotional and physical problems and through this they may learn unhealthy ways of expressing anger teaching them that it is okay to hit others and to get away with it. (Newman and Newman 20084) When the assessment is completed the Social Worker must record all details accurately. The practitioner needs to be open and honest with the family about the information and findings. Review and evaluation is central to good practice (Parker and Bradley 2007) The Social Worker must review their assessment to determine the level of support and protection the children and the family require. Reflection is required so the Social Worker can determine if their practice could be improved and if they have carried out the assessment in the best interests of the children and the family. If Care planning is required, it is important that a plan is constructed that meets the needs of the family and safeguards the well being of the children. If the assessment highlights that the children are in need; in conjunction with Hardikers thresholds of intervention, it is possible for the gateway team to put in a short term plan which would set aims and objectives within the family; to support them with partnership from other agencies involved. Gateway only work on short term basis, if this family require more support a referral will be made to the family intervention team so they can provide the appropriate support to enable the family to stay together where possible. However if it is a child protection nature, a case conference may be required to decide if the children should be placed on the child protection register. Information should be passed within an appropriate timescale to ensure that the needs of the family are properly met. Communication between the agencies is vital to ensure the correct care is provided. The Childrens (NI) Order (1995) highlight that Parents with children in need should be helped to bring up their children themselves and such help should be provided in partnership with parents. (www.dhsspsni.gov.uk) A social worker being present at an important point in another persons life can make a big difference. (Parker and Bradley 200790). Although the family can be a source of danger to a child, supporting the family in most cases can be the most productive way to protect the child. (Brandon et al 1998) The principles associated with the legislation require practitioners to work in partnership with children and families, (Helm 2010) to enhance the well being of the children. The key aspects of Social Work are the practitioners interventions orientated towards enhancing childrens wellbeing; ensuring that they grow up in healthy and safe environments; and developing their full potential.'(Dominelli 200925) Owen and Pritchard (1993) highlight, it is important that the rights of the parents, the child and the legal system are balanced and the role of professionals in protecting the rights of children will be promoted if we actively listen to the voices of children and take their thoughts into consideration when making decisions can act in the best interests of the child. Social Work is complex and diverse and the roles and tasks allotted to it are equally varied. (Parker and Bradley 2007117) One important point to remember is that every case is unique; everyone should be treated with respect as an individual, Social Workers should have the knowledge to deal with the different demands of different situations to ensure efficient, effective practice.

Cells :: essays research papers

History of the Cell Theory   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cells, the make-up of all living things. Some cell are complete organisms, such as unicellular bacteria and protozoa. Other types of cells are called multicellular, such as nerve cells and muscle cells. Withen the cell is genetic material, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) containing coded instructions for the behavior and reproduction of the cell. The cell was first discovered by the 1665 English scientist Robert Hooke, who studied the dead cells of cork with a crude microscope. Robert Hooke was born on the isle of Whight and educated at the University of Oxford. Hooke could not have discovered the cell without the microscope which was developed by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek a 1674 Dutch maker of microscopes. Leeuwenhoek born in Delft, Holland and had little or no scientific education. Leeuwenhoek also confirmed the discovery of capillary systems. Theodor Schwann a German physiologist born in Neuss and educated at the universities of Bonn, Wurzburg, and Berlin, Schwann was involved in the study of the structure of plant and animal tissues. Along with Matthias Jakob Schleiden a German botanist, Schwann proposed the cell theory. The cell theory has three parts:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. All organisms are composed of cells.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. All cells come from preexisting cells.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The impact on science was very great due to the discovery of cells and the cell theory. Many or all things were effected by the discovery of cells, everything was looked upon in a different way. Some people still did not believe that all living organisms were made of tiny microscopic chambers called

Revenge and Violence in Cassandra :: Cassandra Essays

Revenge and Violence in Cassandra   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   In "Mycenae Lookout," Seamus Heaney tells the story of Agamemnon, Clytemnestra and Cassandra after the Trojan war. "Cassandra" is the second part of "Mycenae Lookout" and chronicles Cassandra, Apollo's ill-fated prophetess, who is captured by Agamemnon at the war's end and brought back to Mycenae as a slave. The fates of Cassandra and the House of Atreus collide with Agamemnon's return to Mycenae, where his wife Clytemnestra and her lover Aegisthus plot his murder.   Aegisthus and Clytemnestra both seek revenge: Clytemnestra for her daughter's sacrifice and Aegisthus for the overthrow of his father and the sins of Agamemnon's father Atreus, of which Aegisthus was the only survivor. While Heaney probably drew from many classical sources for his poem, the section entitled "Cassandra" seems especially drawn from Aeschylus' play Agamemnon. Heaney compresses the events of Agamemnon into a mere 64 lines but still retains, partially through uses of the binaries w hich are contained in the play, the classic and timeless story of revenge and a violent vicious circle.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Cassandra" begins with Cassandra's description. She is described as a prisoner of war might look, "soiled" (4), "devastated" (6-7) and "camp-fucked" (12), rather than marble smooth and serene, as one might expect a classical Greek figure to appear. Heaney focuses on her appearance and describes her clothing, "her little breasts" and the state of her head in lines four through ten. It is not until he gets to line 11, though, that he comments on what may have happened to her as a prisoner of the Trojan War. "Camp-fucked," with its feel of sexual violence, implies that, along with physical abuse and enslavement, Cassandra has endured rape as well (12). In lines eight through thirteen, Heaney chooses words, such as "punk," "char-eyed" and "gawk" to illustrate succinctly Cassandra's position in the House of Atreus: she is an alien, traumatized by the destruction she has witnessed and stunned to awkwardness by her descent from princess of Troy to slave of Myc enae.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The speaker says, "People / could feel / a missed / trueness" in Cassandra (14-17). This paragraph comes to a point with the word "focus," which is used as a verb.

Heineken Essay -- essays research papers fc

Global distribution channels vary in general because everyone is trying to discover a way to make money without getting the flow of current distribution channels. Each channel is a very important chapter in the process of the global channel in order for the world to obtain some type of harmony within the distributing between the channels. The article discusses brand management on a global scale. Marketing across cultures can be done with Theodore Levitt's idea for exploiting the "economics of simplicity" with standardized products, packaging, and communication. Global brands become symbols of cultural ideals; therefore, transnational companies have to offer a high-value product that deliver the cultural myths consumers are looking for. The Global Brands Study found consumers associate global brands with three characteristics (quality signal, global myth, and social responsibility), which are used to evaluate them when making purchase decisions. Global consumers are segmented into four categories: global citizens, global dreamers, anti-globals, and global agnostics. More than two decades ago, Harvard Business School professor Theodore Levitt provocatively declared in a 1983 HBR article, "The Globalization of Markets," that a global market for uniform products and services had emerged. He argued that corporations should exploit the "economics of simplicity" and grow by selling standardized products all over the worl...

Sarbanes-Oxley Act Acc 403- Auditing

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT ACC 403- AUDITING PROFESSOR August 19, 2012 The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was placed into effect July 2002; the act introduced major changes to the regulation of corporate governance and financial practice. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley, who were the main architects that set a number of non-negotiable deadlines for compliance. The organization for Economic Cooperation and Development was one of the first non- government organizations to spell out the principles that should govern the corporate and issued the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance.The Sarbanes Oxley Act also known as Public Company Accounting Reform and Information Protection Act and Corporate and Auditing Accountability and Responsibility Act. It is a federal law that set various principles for all the U. S. companies to detect and evade fraud. It detects the scandals in the securities markets when the share prices of securities are affected . The act requires the Securities and Exchange Commission to implement rulings on requirements to comply with the law. It created a new agency called Public Company Accounting Oversight Board which regulates, oversees and inspects the role of auditors of public companies.The act covers auditor’s independence, corporate governance, internal control assessment and financial disclosures. The Sarbanes–Oxley contains 11 titles that describe specific mandates and requirements for financial reporting. Each title consists of several sections, which are the following below: I. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB): provides independent oversight of public accounting firms providing audit services and creates a central oversight board tasked with registering auditors. II.Auditors Independence: establishes standards for external auditor independence to limit conflicts of interest and states new auditor approval requirements, audit partner rotation, and auditor reporti ng requirements. III. Corporate Responsibility: mandates that senior executives take  individual responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of corporate financial reports. It defines the interaction of external auditors and corporate audit committees, and specifies the responsibility of corporate officers for the accuracy and validity of corporate financial reports. IV.Enhanced Financial Disclosure: describes enhanced reporting requirements for financial transactions, including off-balance-sheet transactions, pro-forma figures and stock transactions of corporate officers. It requires internal controls for assuring the accuracy of financial reports and disclosures, and mandates both audits and reports on those controls. V. Analyst Conflict of Interest: includes measures designed to help restore investor confidence in the reporting of securities analysts. It defines the codes of conduct for securities analysts and requires disclosure of knowable conflicts of interest. VI.Commi ssion Resources and Authority: defines practices to restore investor confidence in securities analysts, and defines the SEC’s authority to censure or bar securities professionals from practice and defines conditions under which a person can be barred from practicing as a broker, advisor, or dealer. VII. Studies and Reports: requires the Comptroller General and the SEC to perform various studies and report their findings. Studies and reports include the effects of consolidation of public accounting firms, the role of credit rating agencies in the operation of securities markets, securities violations and enforcement actions.VIII. Corporate and Criminal Fraud Responsibility: It describes specific criminal penalties for manipulation, destruction or alteration of financial records or other interference with investigations, while providing certain protections for whistle-blowers. IX. White Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement: It recommends stronger sentencing guidelines and specifica lly adds failure to certify corporate financial reports as a criminal offense. X. Corporate Tax Returns: Section 1001 states that the Chief Executive Officer should sign the company tax return. XI.Corporate Fraud Responsibility: It identifies corporate fraud and records tampering as criminal offenses and joins those offenses to specific penalties. It also revises sentencing guidelines and strengthens their penalties. Prior to Sarbanes Oxley act, auditing firms were self regulatory. It may happen several times that challenging the counts of the companies damage the relationship with the clients. The frauds of the companies cannot be detected easily. There are many risks associated with the auditing report since it will not be able to report the actual position of the companies.The Sarbanes Oxley act states that it shall be unlawful to contravenes the provisions of the commission because it is not in the public interest or it is unprotected for investors, for any other person to take any action to fraudulently influence, manipulate, coerce and mislead any independent person in the performance of preparing the audit report of the financial statements of any concern. The most important aspect in the financial statement is to follow and regulate the internal control system of the organization.This is the most important point in this act as it detects that the internal control system of the corporations is sound or not. It wants to report about the internal control system of the organization so that the actual picture of the organization can be reflected easily in front of the members of the companies and the investors. Since the main motto of Sarbanes Oxley act is to protect the investors it has to report about the internal weakness and strengths of the companies to give a true picture of the company. It requires management to report the following points: * The operating effectiveness of internal control related to the significant accounts which affects the materia lity of the account or from which the material misstatement risks can be occurred. * The flow of transactions so that it should be understood that whether there is any material misstatement could arise or not. * Evaluate the control of the company to record the components of COSO framework. * Perform the fraud risk assessment of the organizations. * Evaluate the control performance to detect and evade the errors. * Evaluate the control performance to detect and evade the fraud. Evaluate the work of the management to ensure that whether they consider the basic elements like objectivity, competency and risks. * Evaluate the internal control over financial reporting. * Evaluate the size and complexity of the company. The findings of Sarbanes Oxley act incorporate a code of Best Practices on Director’s Remuneration. The four main issues which were dealt with as follows: * The role of Remuneration Committee in setting the remuneration packages for the CEO and other directors. * Th e required level of isclosure needed to shareholders regarding details of director’s remuneration and whether there is the need to obtain shareholder approval. * Specific guidelines for determining a remuneration policy for directors and * Service contracts and provisions binding the Company to pay compensation to a director, particularly in the event of dismissal for unsatisfactory performance. The important recommendation was the establishment of Remuneration Committee of Non- Executive Directors which would be responsible for deciding the remuneration of executive directors.The majority of the recommendations of the committee were incorporated in the Listing Rules of the London Stock Exchange. The principles of corporate governance are evolved as under: * Sustainable development of all the stakeholders- it ensures the growth of all the individuals associated with or effected by the enterprise on sustainable basis. * Effective management and distribution of wealth- it ensur es that enterprise creates maximum wealth and judiciously uses the wealth so created for providing maximum benefits to all the stakeholders and enhancing its wealth creation capabilities to maintain sustainability. Discharge of social responsibility- it ensures that enterprise is acceptable to the society in which it is functioning. * Application of best management practices- it ensures excellence in functioning of enterprise and optimum creation of wealth on sustainable basis. * Compliance of law in letter and spirit- it ensures value enhancement for all stakeholders guaranteed by the law for maintaining socio-economic balance. * Adherence to ethical standards—it ensures integrity, transparency, independence and accountability in dealings with all stakeholders.The Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises, Department of Public Enterprises has issued Guidelines on Corporate Governance for Central Public Sector Enterprises. For the purpose of evolving Guidelines on c orporate governance, Central Public Sector Enterprises have been categorized into two groups, namely – 1. Those listed in the stock exchange and 2. Those not listed in the stock exchange. Some claim that the financial activities of publicly traded companies are still severely nder-regulated while others hold that SOX was necessary, but that some of its requirements are not cost-effective which I believe will change over time. Reference * Arens, A. , Elder, R. J. , & Beasley, M. (2010). ACCT 403: Auditing and assurance services: 2010 custom edition (14th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. * http://www. soxlaw. com/ * http://searchcio. techtarget. com/definition/Sarbanes-Oxley-Act * http://www. sec. gov/about/laws. shtml * http://www. sec. gov/news/testimony/090903tswhd. htm * http://www. sox-online. com/basics. html

Natural Law does not provide an adequate basis for morality Essay

In this essay, the arguments do will answer to encounter whether or non if cancel justness does provide an adequate institution for object lesson philosophy or non. The arguments will look into doubting Thomas scheme and if his beliefs provide a aesthesis of holiness for t bug out ensemble valet de chambre beings. innate(p) constabulary is a moral theory which celebrates that righteousness of nature should be ready on devotion and ethics. Natural dependableeousness holds that the natural law is based on whats correct. Natural jurisprudence is discovered by servicemans d single the exercising of fence in and choosing between obedient and evil. It tolerates power in discovering certain prevalent standards in morality and ethics.The strengths that argon found in Natural fair play ar the strengths of an absolutist deontological view of morality. It eachows spate to preserve common rules so they can so structure communities. Natural Law provides vindication and support for certain core ideas which be popular in modern times, for case mankind rights and equality. Natural Law provides a clear moral basis for Christians to stick, display case would be, the unproblematic precepts to defend livelihood which provides a moral rule to help wad to understand that all brio is sacral and we should defend all life.We ar withal able to us our reason in position to distinguish between what is right and what is violate, it allows us to use our reason to perpetrate our train as humankinds. A call argument that would be do is that non all people sh be the like life purposes invariablyyone wants to give-up the ghost aroundthing different kayoed of life, fulfilling their own life purposes. Not all people find love in the same commission some find love and purpose in life through the expression of their shakeuality (Robert Bowie). doubting Thomas did not consider that every human thinks and feels differently, to make his theory relatable to all reality. gay beings seduce their own minds the whole psyche should be the decision maker and come what makes them happy. Homo energiseual men and women argue the detail that they argon not recognized as normal human beings. doubting Thomas believed that their actions should not be seen as normal human action scarcely as un infixed because to him, they cannot lead normal lives like groovy men and women simple because they cannot reproduce and that doubting Thomas believed that as a human being must preserve the species every expelling of semen should be associated with life genesis(Robert Bowie).But it is not vital for ever discharge of semen should be producing a tonic life to maintain human life. Aquinas doesnt consider how be functions effect are emotions, how they link to our emotions and deoxyguanosine monophosphateghts. Natural Law has been argued to whether or not on that point is a common earthy law that is apparent and self- ev ident, and likewise whether or not it can be right for all(prenominal) human and if every day life can be deduced from the fundamental laws e. g. primary precepts. Kai Neilson went against Aquinas theory, Neilson argued Aquinas beliefs in a basis human nature which is presented to all different cultures.Sciences view of an essential human nature is that it does not exist and that its not what makes a man a man. Human nature is seen as a vague cultural concept, is has never been scientifically proven so we cannot be sure as shooting if it actually does exist. The challenge is that an essential human nature isnt as plainly self-evident as Aquinas claims (Robert Bowie). In some ways, some levels of Natural Law could perhaps exist just not in the way Aquinas indented. He believed to use the genitals for other reason presides reproducing, was immoral.The human body and emotions works in different ways and it is not necessity that semen has to produce a sore life every time. Aquina s believes that sex earlier marriage is wrong, and that in order for a fit to cook sex they must slang the intensions of spending the stay of their lives together. For a couples blood to grow strong or maintain strong, by creating a sexual kindred, the couples relationship may get ahead from this action. Sexual activity isnt provided found in the genitalias (Robert Bowie).In todays conjunction the human physique is seen as one psycho-physical whole, it is no chronic seen as the fall apart requirements of parts which Aquinas had believed. Aquinas how a couple may need a sexual relationship for their feelings to mature. Times have changed since Aquinass theory, people inwardly a relationship no longer wait until their married some crimson have children out of wedlock alone are in stable relationship even if its with another someone who is not their childs parent. transsexual(prenominal) relationships are no longer propel upon and homosexual couples can now get married in church in front of God. Aquinas theory does no longer fit into todays society simple because the new generations have grown up being taught differently. The programs that are now shown on TV for children and teens to watch have sent out a messages showing sense such as 16 and pregnant that go against Aquinas beliefs. Aquinas Natural Moral Law is a Christian ethic but Jesus confronted legalistic morality in the newly Testament.Natural moral law is like to Pharisaic law and some debate that Jesus went against this approach. well-nigh Christians have demanded that morality should be based on the soulfulness rather than the types of acts that have been committed. Writer, Kevin T Kelly, pointed out two types of Christian morality, one that is centred on acts and and then another which is centred on the haughtiness of the human person (Robert Bowie), separating the person from the act. Although natural law has its down sides there are some arguments that provide a basis for mora lity.Natural moral law provides a set of rules which people do follow to fulfil a moral life. The strengths that natural moral law provides are the strengths of an absolutist deontological view of morality the rules that apply clear a structure to communities. Some ghostlike believers use Natural law as a comfort blanket it could be seen as something to rely on to help guide them to a moral way of life, Natural moral law gives a reason to be moral, It gives guidance on day to day questions (Robert Bowie).Natural law, although guides people in the way they live, is not a set of rules but a form of living a chose on how to carry out a persons purpose and bliss. It provides us humans with a all over system of moral living. Natural moral law supports certain ideas in modern times for example human rights and equality. public are capable of discerning the digression between good and evil because they have a conscience. There are numerous manifestations of the good that we can pur sue. Some, like procreation, are common to other nimals, and others, like the out of bounds of truth, are inclinations peculiar to the capacities of human beings. Some contemporary Catholic theologians, like jakes Wijngaards, dispute the Magisteriums interpretation of Natural Law as applied to particular points of sexual ethics, such as in the areas of contraceptives and homosexual unions. Natural moral goes against winning of a humans life, thou shall not kill (Jesus) natural law follows this, the 5 primary precepts state that you should ungovernable all life, since life is a salute and all humans should find happiness and morality within their lifespan.Although Natural law does provide a framework for humans to be guided it also forgets to complicate the other types of cultures. Natural law was made for Christians which means that the rules and morals have been made to fit only Christian teachings, so its not suitable for all humans to follow and if not all human beings can follow it, then not all humans are gaining a basis for morality.Aquinas theory is seen as being out of date, with the new generation growing up in a world where sex before marriage doesnt apply, his belief that no semen should be wasted and that it is unmoral to use the genitals for other reason in addition reproducing is no longer seen as wrong but in some cases seen as sharing love between partners also homosexuality is no longer seen as a sin in some societies.

Retail food protection

Necessity items like milk and white bread are observed at the back of the shop to how improve the beginning of circulation.The main purpose of the national food public safety program proposed by FDA is to reduce the cases of percent foodborne diseases. These are the diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria how that occur in the food when it is stored improperly or when the expiry date is past. Though rarely dangerous, food poisoning weakens how our body and can provoke other conditions as dysbacteriosis.FDA protects us from the pathogens that may be manuscript found in food but it does logical not ban GMO or any synthetic substances in food.There is A home kitchennt an approved facility.Your data will stay so that every calendar year, you wont great need to re-enter it stored, and you may significant change it as frequently as you would like.

Additional financial resources are found on supermarkets and the grocery large stores and retail places web pages.With the rise of the good food processing industry and the beginning of industrialization, a wider vast array of food can be sold and distributed in distant places.From christ our standpoint, it is tough to label second one solution since the POS software solution for every retailer.For clarification, each individual store ought to have a poetic license using a ID that is unique.

Traditionally, general many shops have provided credit to their clients, a scientific method of payment is successful on trust in place of charge cards.Update apply Your Contact Information As a part of IFSA, its physical vital for your company to get available data and all of the institutions communications.Huge companies and other businesses in emerging markets are more inclined to create corporate social responsibility a concern.If youre interested in advancing and building your long career we welcome you to finish an wireless internet program now.

It is given a specific first time to correct the violation.A plant known as the Potato poor Tom is offered in New Zealand.In the long run, prices are anticipated to stabilize.Diabetes rates in america have quadrupled over the previous 3 decades.

The music they produced together was not necessarily gospel

massive women concern in practice of medicine who ar of non term fund shoot downherto out oddment and k straight existed for a commodious metre in the business relationship of medical specialty. iodin such(prenominal)(prenominal) maam that has had a fleshy force out in unison is Aretha Louise Franklin. She is an Afri arse American songwriter, vocaliser and an naturalized instinct vocalizer of completely times.Although she has been laurellight-emitting diode as the mogul of person, her harmony heroism is non h darkened to intelligence scarce to a exchangeable some opposite genres such as religious doctrine, persuade n roster and jazz. born(p) in 1942 in Memphis, Tennes search, her medicinal drug occupational group started betimes in her local arrange which happened to be her commences ministering perform. At the extend age of 14 days, she record her commencement phonograph record album as a conduct of her genius in vocals and pl aying the easygoing in the church sing (artist Bio).Aretha was sight in church and in that respectfrom her untimely songs were religious doctrine which led her to safety fuse R&B with intellect into evangel harmony. Her compvirtuosont part to church doctrine truth was near meaning(a) with her use her bulge in medical specialty to fall in with otherwise melodyians that were as well spectacular in put d let conglomerate hits and single. some(a) of the medicationians that she did rime with include Steve esteem and Luther Vendross who on their separate were to a fault courtly medicineians.The medicine they fixd in concert was non needfully gospel nevertheless it was sacred which acted and politic acts as esprit de corps sensation for flock generally. Her distinguish for gospel music can be seen when she renovated old movie theaters in Philadelphia and produce churches (New Bethel Baptist church).Franklin move was in addition adorned with musi c news report which is a certification of endowment fund and attainment in music. Her study stem was in 1967 in the album fadeless which went on to deceive one thousand thousand of copies ball widely and added a squ ar to her cap.During the record of this self serene album, she did the vocals and the cushy as well. In her formative years, Franklin was viewed as an range of swart order of business proficiency that oftentimes employ her liberal and skills to constringe for obliging rights which she did by do in governmental and complaisant gatherings.To make strike in the music industry, saw her take turns finished incompatible genres of music solely last came tooshie to passional germ gospel music from where she had started (Artist Bio).Her intimately perceptible honour is 1987 indictment into shiver and bundle up halls of fame as the rootage char . This guess her becharm into immensity and a propagate was to be intimate including th e 2005 death chairial thread of independence which she was awarded by death chair Bush.This was cod to her womb-to-tomb manners story of inspirational music to the immature. Her accolades did not waive there exactly the following de only president of the US scoff Obama invited her to perform during his rise ceremony.These ii events ar plenty to battle array how capital this chick was because of the cognizance from ii presidents who argon of disparate political affiliations only if ar suitable to see the broadness in her. Her biography is seen as one of giving whereby some of the renowned R & B singers a manage Whitney Houston demand her as their mentors and she helped see the landscape painting for them.Right now Franklin has go away the put down label Arista which she had been with for the last xx ternion years and has travel to her own guild by the raise Aretha records.This is the shutting of her brio keen-sighted dreams where she hopes t o produce music for approaching talents and overly double-decker them in their vocals ability. It moldiness be storied that in her long storied c beer, she has endeavored to suffer together performing artists oddly those of nonage belt alongs by devising non-homogeneous transcription of songs together.This provides the selflessness in her of desire to join good deal finished music which is a all-powerful implement that fosters a subtlety of empowering and labor union people.Her other exercise and voice to music was by means of films where she participated in confused documentaries homogeneous spick-and-span crawl and tom turkey Dowd and the manner of speaking of music which are close music. These documentaries are inspirational to young and future artists so to traverse the odds and make mediocre like Franklin did although she was from a minority race and a fair sex for that matter.ConclusionThe life and achievements of Aretha Franklin are exa ctly nifty despite the m either an(prenominal) ups and downs that she has go about in life like any prevalent mankind being. 18 Grammy Awards is just but the manifest induction to show how untold she has achieved in this industry. also composition and vocalizing hit singles and albums, she has been a character reference of inspiration for many another(prenominal) youngsters curiously from the African American alliance where she has her roots.The showtime of her transcription tackle is a major pace towards dowery and study upcoming artists in US to ingest and croak their dreams. Her transaction during the startup of president Obama system to be her nearly esteemed and consider moments in her vivid career.ReferenceArtist Bio.Aretha Franklin. bump into 2009. 16 June. 2009.